May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) involves iliocaval venous compression most often attributed to compression of the left iliac vein between the lumbar vertebrae posteriorly and the…
Central venous pressure (CVP) or right atrial pressure (RAP) waveform tracings can often times provide useful insight about a patient’s right ventricle (RV), tricuspid…
Midodrine (ProAmantine) is an oral and intravenous prodrug. Its active metabolite, desglymidodrine, activates α-1 receptors to produce vaso and venoconstriction with resulting increase in…
Pulmonary embolism (PE) refers to an obstruction of the pulmonary arterial system and is the third leading cause of cardiovascular death. Patients can present…
After any general anesthetic (specifically those provided for surgeries in the thoracic or upper abdominal compartments), physical activity and nutrition are crucial to promote…