The "anatomical heart" was approved with Unicode 13.0 in 2020 and added to Emoji 13.0 the same year. Its appearance varies based on the platform (Apple, Google, Samsung, Facebook, etc), but below, I've labeled...

A patient’s breathing pattern can help guide response to therapies and diagnostics. Normal breathing is regular and comfortable at a rate of 12-20 breaths per minute (bpm). Tachypnea and bradypnea have rates above and below...

The left ventricle’s (LV) variously arranged muscle fibers twist and contract during systole, storing potential energy as blood is ejected (imagine wringing water out of a towel). This stored energy is released in diastole:...

Here's an Excel template for those logging transesophageal echocardiograms (TEE) on the supervised training pathway for the National Board of Echocardiography's (NBE) advanced perioperative TEE diplomate status. This template is based on the sample...

Virchow's triad of stasis, vascular damage, and hypercoagulability contribute to thrombosis. Although patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are usually on pharmacologic anticoagulation (i.e., heparin), it's still possible to form clots in areas of...

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has a few basic parts: an inflow ("drainage") cannula, mechanical blood pump, membrane oxygenator, heat exchanger, and an outflow ("return") cannula. In a motor failure, pump flow can be maintained...

It's relatively easy to determine the drug name, concentration, volume to be infused (VTBI), and dose/rate for medication on an Alaris® infusion channel. But what does that horizontal bar for each infusion represent?! Hint: it...

As an intensivist and cardiothoracic anesthesiologist, bronchoscopy is an incredibly common procedure I perform in the ICU (from in front of the patient) and OR (from behind the patient). A small camera on the...