• Anaphylaxis

    Anaphylaxis

    True anaphylaxis is a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction where histamine, serotonin, leukotrienes, and other mediators are released from basophils and mast cells via an IgE-mediated mechanism. Although patients classically present with cutaneous findings (urticaria, erythema, etc.), respiratory symptoms (wheezing, stridor), gastrointestinal disturbances, tachycardia, and hypotension are also frequently associated with…

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  • Diphenhydramine

    Diphenhydramine

    Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is a first-generation antihistamine that blocks H1 histamine receptors. Unlike many second-generation antihistamines, first-generation medications like diphenhydramine cross the blood-brain barrier and inhibit histamine’s important role in sleep and wakefulness. Couple this with diphenhydramine’s anticholinergic effects in the central nervous system, and one can understand the sedating and…

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