nausea

Promethazine (Phenergan) is an oral, intramuscular (IM), rectal, and intravenous (albeit with caution!) phenothiazine derivative that is both a first-generation antihistamine (H1 receptor antagonism) and a weak typical antipsychotic (D2 receptor antagonism). It also...

Sodium citrate/citric acid (Bicitra) is an oral solution I most commonly administered as an anesthesiology resident for aspiration prophylaxis in patients at high risk for aspiration (e.g., obstetric patients prior to C-section) to neutralize...

Scopolamine is a tertiary amine that crosses the blood-brain barrier to exert its anticholinergic effects in the central nervous system (antiemetic, sedative, amnestic) and the periphery. It is available PO, subcutaneously, intravenously, and transdermally...

Dexamethasone (Decadron) is synthetic adrenocortical steroid roughly 25 times more potent than hydrocortisone and devoid of mineralcorticoid (“sodium retaining”) properties. Therefore, it's primarily used for long acting, anti-inflammatory effects. In the ICU, I most commonly...

Ondansetron (Zofran) is a common oral and IV medication I use for post-operative nausea/vomiting prophylaxis. It works by antagonizing serotonergic (5-HT3) receptors located in peripheral vagal terminals and in the medulla's area postrema within...