Central venous pressure (CVP) or right atrial pressure (RAP) waveform tracings can often times provide useful insight about a patient’s right ventricle (RV), tricuspid…
Systemic cardiac output (CO) is the product of left ventricular stroke volume and the heart rate (CO = SV x HR). I see CO…
In the world of perioperative and intensive care medicine, I’m surrounded by continuous monitors; however, it’s important to understand how monitors work (and the…
Hypothermia has a profound impact on the entire body – it compromises the immune system leading to a higher risk of post-operative wound infections,…
The peripheral nerve stimulator can deliver different types of stimuli to elicit an assessment of the depth of neuromuscular blockade. This is an important…