A platform where cardiac anesthesiologist and intensivist Dr. Rishi Kumar shares insights in perioperative medicine, critical care, education, and tech while promoting curiosity and lifelong learning.


Libman-Sacks endocarditis (LSE) is a nonbacterial endocarditis associated with lupus, malignancy, and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome characterized by endothelial injury and…

During embryogenesis, the aortic sac is connected to paired dorsal aortae via six symmetrical aortic (Ao) arches, which give rise…

With a pneumothorax (PTX), air separates the visceral and parietal pleura layers located on the lung’s outside surface and inner…

In 2022, I was humbled to be nominated for the hospital’s physician of the year, achieved diplomat status for critical…

Alprostadil (Prostaglandin E1, PGE1) is a medication used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). PAH is a…

As a cardiac anesthesiologist and cardiovascular intensivist, I care for many patients with aortic aneurysms in the perioperative setting. Contrast-enhanced…