cardiology
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Education
Anatomical Heart Emoji
The “anatomical heart” was approved with Unicode 13.0 in 2020 and added to Emoji 13.0 the same year. Its appearance…
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Education
S1-Q3-T3 EKG Pattern
S1-Q3-T3 refers to an EKG pattern first described in the 1930s suggestive of cor pulmonale in a case series of…
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Education
Cardiac Action Potential
In order for the heart muscle to actually contract, the physiological process of excitation-contraction coupling must occur via an action…
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Medical
The Pringles Mitral Valve
The mitral valve’s complex geometry is usually described as a “saddle shape”, but I definitely prefer the comparison to Pringles…
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Education
Don’t Fixate On Low Ejection Fraction!
Early in my training as a medical student and intern, it seemed that all people ever cared about on an…
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PGY-6 (Cardiothoracic Anesthesia)
My Perioperative Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE) Image Acquisition Sequence
According to the guidelines from the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) and Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists (SCA), a comprehensive transesophageal…
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PGY-6 (Cardiothoracic Anesthesia)
United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) 2018 Heart Transplant Listing Guidelines Revision
The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) is a non-profit organization that oversees national transplant waiting lists, collects data about…
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Pharmacology
Alteplase
Alteplase (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, tPA) is a potent intravenous fibrinolytic (“clot buster”) used for everything from acute ischemic strokes…
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Education
Intracardiac Echocardiography (ICE)
Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) allows cardiologists to visualize cardiac structures (aorta, valves, pulmonary veins, chambers, etc) from an ultrasound catheter usually…
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Education
Mitral Valve Anatomy
The mitral valve (MV) separates the left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV). It’s a bileaflet valve composed of an…
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