cardiology
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Education
Cardiac Action Potential
In order for the heart muscle to actually contract, the physiological process of excitation-contraction coupling must occur via an action…
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Medical
The Pringles Mitral Valve
The mitral valve’s complex geometry is usually described as a “saddle shape”, but I definitely prefer the comparison to Pringles…
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Education
Don’t Fixate On Low Ejection Fraction!
Early in my training as a medical student and intern, it seemed that all people ever cared about on an…
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PGY-6 (Cardiothoracic Anesthesia)
My Perioperative Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE) Image Acquisition Sequence
According to the guidelines from the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) and Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists (SCA), a comprehensive transesophageal…
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PGY-6 (Cardiothoracic Anesthesia)
United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) 2018 Heart Transplant Listing Guidelines Revision
Here’s a table I created that summarizes the classification for patients awaiting a heart transplant. Gone are the days of…
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Pharmacology
Alteplase
Alteplase (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, tPA) is a potent intravenous fibrinolytic (“clot buster”) used for everything from acute ischemic strokes…
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Education
Intracardiac Echocardiography (ICE)
Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) allows cardiologists to visualize cardiac structures (aorta, valves, pulmonary veins, chambers, etc) from an ultrasound catheter usually…
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Education
Mitral Valve Anatomy
The mitral valve (MV) separates the left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV). It’s a bileaflet valve composed of an…
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Education
Left Ventricular Pressure-Volume Work Loop With Mechanical Circulatory Support
Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices allow us to offload myocardial work from the heart, and for the purposes of this…
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Education
Systolic Anterior Motion (SAM) Of The Mitral Valve – Left Ventricular Outflow Tract (LVOT) Obstruction
Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction is a potentially catastrophic etiology for hypotension due to several etiologies: idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic…
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