The glycocalyx is a surface layer of proteins lining the luminal (blood-containing) side of vascular endothelium. It plays an important role as a vascular…
Over a dozen different aortic arch great vessel configurations have been described in humans. I’ve illustrated the two most common types in this diagram.…
There’s a complex yet beautiful architecture within the heart’s fibrous skeleton and valvular geometry. To become a proficient perioperative echocardiographer, one must understand these…
Understanding neuraxial anatomy is an essential part to successfully perform epidural and spinal (intrathecal) anesthetics. Here’s a schematic outlining the layers we encounter when…
Did you know the word “scalp” is actually an acronym for five layers of tissue?
Anatomically, the trachea extends from the cricoid cartilage (level of C6/C7) to the carina (T4/T5) and is reinforced anteriorly by approximately 20 semicircular, cartilaginous…